Active Voice and Passive Voice in English language

In “active voice” subject acts upon object,

(Subject) + (verb) + (object)

In “passive voice” object is acted upon by subject,

(Object) + (be) + (verb) + (by) + (subject)

Remember:

• The places of subject and object are interchanged i.e. the object shifts to the place of subject and subject shifts to the place of object in passive voice.
• Sometimes subject of sentence is not used in passive voice. Subject of sentence can be omitted in passive voice, if without subject it can give enough meaning in passive voice.
• 3rd form of verb (past participle) is always used as main verb in sentences of passive voice for all tenses. Base form of verb or present participle will be never used in passive voice.
• The word “by” is used before subject in sentences in passive voice.
• The word “by” is not always used before subject in passive voice. Sometimes words “with, to, etc” may also be used before subject in passive voice.
• Auxiliary verbs are used passive voice according to the tense of sentence.

Active Voice and Passive Voice table

Active Voice and Passive Voice examples

Imperative examples (Use of Let)

----: Remember :----

• Rama killed Ravana.
• Ravana was killed by Rama.
• पहला वाक्य कर्तृवाच्य (Active Voice) का है; दूसरा वाक्य कर्मवाच्य (Passive Voice) । कर्तृवाच्य में कर्ता ( राम ) प्रधान है और कर्मवाच्य में कर्म ( रावण ) ।
• कर्तृवाच्य से कर्मवाच्य में बदलने पर कई बार by का प्रयोग किया जाता है, जैसे – (1) Ravana was killed by Rama. (2) Cricket will be played by them. आदि ।
• कई बार कर्मवाच्य में by का प्रयोग नहीं होता, जैसे – (1) Let your lesson be learnt. (2) He was charged with theft. आदि ।